Year: 2026

The Unipolar World describes an international system in which one state possesses significantly greater overall power than any other state and has an exceptional ability…

Introduction A Bipolar World is an international system in which global power is concentrated primarily around two dominant states or competing power centers. The classic…

The international system is undergoing a profound transformation. For much of the period after the Cold War, the United States possessed an unusually strong concentration…

Introduction Why do states form alliances against some powerful countries while cooperating with others that may be equally or even more powerful? The answer cannot…

The Global Balance of Power describes how economic strength, military capabilities, technology, diplomacy, alliances, geography, population, institutions, and other sources of influence are distributed among…

Great Power Competition describes the sustained contest among the world’s most capable states for influence, security, technological advantage, economic leverage, diplomatic weight, and the ability…

Great Power Politics is one of the most important concepts for understanding how the international system works. Wars, alliances, economic rivalries, diplomatic crises, technological competition…

Global Power Competition is one of the defining forces shaping international relations in the 21st century. It describes the struggle among major and emerging powers…

Introduction The Elements of National Power explain how a country develops, protects, and uses its ability to influence events at home and abroad. National power…

Introduction National power is one of the most important concepts in international relations and geopolitics because it helps explain why some states can shape international…