Author: Edward Collins

International crises rarely remain confined to the countries where they begin. An armed conflict can disrupt global trade, a regional disease outbreak can threaten international…

Global leadership shapes how the world responds to conflict, economic uncertainty, climate change, technological disruption, and threats to international peace. Yet leadership in international affairs…

Introduction Superpower competition has returned as one of the defining forces of international politics. Unlike the Cold War, however, today’s rivalry is not organized around…

In international politics, power is not distributed evenly across geography. Some states possess enough economic strength, military capability, diplomatic reach, political influence, and strategic importance…

Soft power has become one of the most important forms of influence in modern international relations. A country can possess a powerful military and a…

As of 29 September 2026, international peace and security are being tested by a combination of armed conflicts, strategic rivalry, nuclear risks, political fragmentation, technological…

Power Projection is the ability of a state to extend its military, economic, diplomatic, technological, or political influence beyond its own territory and sustain that…

Geopolitical risk has moved from being a concern mainly for diplomats and security specialists to becoming a central issue for governments, investors, businesses, and ordinary…

Current reality assessed: 27 September 2026 Territorial integrity is one of the foundational principles of the modern international system. At its simplest, it means that…

National sovereignty is one of the foundational ideas of the modern international system. It explains why states possess authority over their territory, institutions, laws, resources,…